Fava beans (Vicia faba) are not in the same genus as other garden beans (Phaseolus). Their origin is reportedly the Mediterranean region and their history dates back to at least Biblical times. Favas are commonly used in Middle Eastern, Greek and Italian cooking.
Grow fava beans to get an excellent, hardy food source that tolerates cool weather and even frost, making them a great choice for fall or early spring planting and an early harvest. Beyond the beans themselves, they are also valuable as a nitrogen-fixing cover crop, improving soil health for future crops and attracting beneficial insects.
Fava bean plants grow upright on 2'-3' tall (or even taller in ideal conditions), non-branching stems. They may require staking as they grow. Plants are very cold tolerant and can withstand temperatures as low as 20-25 degrees.
The young fava bean pods can be sliced and eaten like snap beans. Foliage tips can be pinched and are one of spring's tastiest greens. But, the beans are the best of all. The 6"-8" long pods contain 5 to 7 beans. They can be shelled when still green and cooked.
In many places, if plants are covered with straw or mulch in winter, roots may survive to come back next spring. Fava beans are generally easy to grow. They enjoy the same conditions as peas.
Caution: A small percentage of people of Mediterranean descent may experience an hereditary allergic reaction to fava beans.